What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus, called the endometrium, starts growing outside the uterus. This tissue can grow on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the outer surface of the uterus, and other organs in the pelvic and abdominal areas. Each month, this tissue responds to hormonal changes, causing inflammation, pain, and the formation of scar tissue (adhesions).

What are the common symptoms?

Endometriosis can manifest differently in each individual, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Common signs include:

• Chronic Pelvic Pain: Pelvic pain that occurs before and during menstruation, which may worsen over time.

• Painful Periods (Dysmenorrhea): Severe menstrual cramps that may include lower back and abdominal pain.

• Painful Intercourse (Dyspareunia): Discomfort or pain during or after sexual activity.

• Infertility: Endometriosis can interfere with fertility and is often diagnosed in women seeking treatment for infertility.

What are the main causes?

The exact cause of endometriosis remains unknown, although several factors might contribute, including genetic predisposition, immune system disorders, and hormonal imbalances. Endometriosis can affect women of all ages, especially those in their reproductive years.

How can I diagnose Endometriosis?

Diagnosing endometriosis typically involves a combination of medical history review, pelvic exams, imaging tests (such as ultrasound), and often, laparoscopic surgery for a definitive diagnosis. A laparoscopy allows the doctor to view inside the pelvic area and confirm the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.

What are the treatment options?

At Central Park Medical Practice, we offer comprehensive and personalized treatment plans tailored to your specific needs. Treatment options may include:

• Pain Management: Medications to relieve pain and inflammation, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal therapy.

• Laparoscopic Surgery: Minimally invasive surgery to remove endometrial tissue, adhesions, and cysts while preserving the reproductive organs.

• Hormonal Therapy: Birth control pills, hormonal patches, or hormone-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs) to regulate hormonal fluctuations and manage symptoms.

• Fertility Treatment: Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for women trying to conceive, often in combination with surgery to improve fertility outcomes.