What are Fibroids?

 – Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. They are incredibly common, with research indicating that up to 70-80% of women may develop fibroids by the age of 50, although many may not even be aware of their presence due to lack of symptoms.

What types of Fibroids are there?

 – Fibroids come in various types based on their location within the uterus:

• Intramural Fibroids: These are the most common type, found within the muscular walls of the uterus.
• Submucosal Fibroids: These grow into the uterine cavity, potentially leading to fertility issues and heavy menstrual bleeding.
• Subserosal Fibroids: They develop on the outer uterine wall, sometimes causing pressure on surrounding organs.
• Pedunculated Fibroids: These grow on small stalks or stems and can protrude into the uterine cavity or the outside of the uterus.

What causes fibroids?

 – While the exact cause remains unclear, certain factors might contribute to fibroid development, including hormonal imbalances (particularly estrogen and progesterone), genetics (if your mother or sister had fibroids, you might be at a higher risk), and pregnancy-related hormones.

What are the symptoms?

 – Many women with fibroids do not experience any symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they might include:

• Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Menstrual periods that are unusually heavy and prolonged.
• Pelvic Pain and Pressure: A feeling of fullness or pressure in the lower abdomen.
• Frequent Urination: Fibroids pressing against the bladder can cause a frequent need to urinate.
• Backache or Leg Pains: Rarely, fibroids can press on nerves, causing back or leg pain.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional. Diagnosis often involves a pelvic exam, ultrasound, or other imaging tests. Treatment options vary based on the severity of symptoms, your age, and your desire for future fertility. They may include:

• Watchful Waiting: If you have no symptoms or mild symptoms, your healthcare provider might suggest monitoring the fibroids without immediate intervention.
• Medications: Hormonal medications can help control symptoms like heavy bleeding and pelvic pain.
• Minimally Invasive Procedures: Procedures like uterine artery embolization, myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids), or endometrial ablation can be performed to alleviate symptoms.
• Hysterectomy: In severe cases, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) might be recommended, especially if other treatments have not been successful or if the fibroids are causing significant health issues.